![]() We draw on distinctions between “honor–shame”/“tradition-directed” and “guilt”/“inner-directed” behaviors to explore medicine’s lingering authoritarianism. It is only when such primary metaphors shift and more liberal metaphors emerge that a more collaborative and feminine medical culture will be shaped. We explore the resilience of such “compulsory mis-education” through “thinking with Homer.” Returning to Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey as Ur-texts for shaping the human imagination, we re-read shame and abuse in medical contexts, suggesting that these are products of historical shaping by metaphors of violence and conflict. ![]() ![]() Humiliation now includes harassment of women trainees through overt and covert sexism. More enlightened pedagogies have emerged, but such abusive and shaming practices still linger, especially in surgery. Learning through ritual humiliation used to be standard in work-based medical education as a rite of passage, a militaristic hardening. ![]()
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